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The U.S. Government’s official source for
comprehensive federal workforce data
Powered by the Office of Personnel Management, Federal Workforce Data (FWD) makes it easy
to search, view, and interpret official data on the federal civilian workforce. FWD includes:
- Interactive visuals on the most common questions about the federal workforce
- Comprehensive datasets for deeper analyses
- Monthly data updates to provide timely information on the federal workforce
- New datasets to provide additional insights
How to use this site
Below are the major tasks you can perform on this site, each with guided steps.
Get answers to questions about the federal workforce
Explore workforce composition, workforce changes, federal recruitment trends, compensation, demographics, location, and more.
- Go to the Explore Data tab and select a category under Analytics.
- Apply filters above each visual.
- View data as a table by toggling to table view and sort columns based on your preferred view.
- Export data as a .csv file.
Download raw data sets
Download raw datasets for accessions, separations, and employment data for your own analysis.
- Go to the Explore Data tab and select Data Downloads under Data.
- Filter data by category, specific month/year, and version.
- Download raw datasets in your preferred file format (.csv or .json).
Understand the data behind each visual
Learn more about the data behind each visual, including how the data is calculated, the date of the data, and notes on data quality or other background on the data.
- Go to the Explore Data tab and select a category under Analytics.
- Under each chart or visual, click the source link to reveal a side panel housing the source notes.
- For additional information, visit the Data Sources page.
Find data standards information
Identify and export the definitions and other attributes of EHRI data.
- Go to the Data Standards tab and select your category of choice.
-
Filter data using the open text filter, separating each filter with a space.
- Note: Some pages might have empty tables as the default view. Apply filters to see results.
- Export your results as a .csv file.
Review the quality of the data on the site
Identify missing EHRI datasets and view validation results to better interpret FWD charts and downloads.
- Go to the About FWD tab and select Data Quality under Resources.
- View the Missing EHRI Files chart to view the completeness of each dataset per month and over time. View the data as a table to see the missing files by data provider.
- View the EHRI data validation checks by agency chart to identify data elements with high rates of error.
- Apply filters above each chart and export data as a .csv file.
Learn about updates to the data and the FWD site
Learn when datasets are refreshed and what has changed on the site, so you can work with the most current and accurate information available.
- Go to the About FWD tab and select Data Sources under Resources.
- Under Data release process, you will find the most recent data release date and the next expected release date.
- Go to the About FWD tab and select Release Notes under Info & Help for a summary of updates and changes.
How FWD compares to FedScope
FedScope is the legacy OPM website where users could access data on the federal workforce. OPM developed FWD to better meet the needs of the Federal government and the public for timely and reliable federal workforce data.
System comparison
| Feature | FWD (Federal Workforce Data Tool) | FedScope |
|---|---|---|
Platform |
Modern, interactive platform structured around frequently asked questions. |
Legacy platform providing access to broad datasets. |
Ease of use |
Easy to use - designed for non-technical users to explore data easily. |
Regular user feedback on the difficulty of finding answers to questions and navigating the site. |
Regular data updates |
Routine monthly data updates. |
Delays in releasing updated data (6 months or more). |
Data quality information |
Detailed information on data quality including incomplete data and data validation check results. |
Does not include detailed data quality information. |
Datasets
FWD broadly covers the major data elements that were available in FedScope. However, there are differences - some data elements are not included in FWD to comply with Executive Orders and memos, and new data elements are included to provide additional insights into the federal workforce.
| New data to provide additional insights | FedScope data not included in FWD |
|---|---|
|
|
The demographic data items listed above are not included in FWD due to the following directives:
- Executive Order 14151: Ending Radical and Wasteful Government DEI Programs and Preferencing
- Executive Order 14168: Defending Women from Gender Ideology Extremism and Restoring Biological Truth to the Federal Govern…
- Executive Order 14173: Ending Illegal Discrimination and Restoring Merit-Based Opportunity
- OPM Memorandum: Further Guidance Regarding Ending DEIA Offices, Programs and Initiatives
Key terms and definitions
Below are the most common acronyms and terms used on this site.
Organizational groupings
- Department: Highest organizational level in the data. Only CFO Act agencies (see below for definition) are listed as departments in FWD. Department of War organizations (e.g., Department of the Army) are rolled up at the Department of War level in this field.
- Agency: Second organizational level in the data. Department of War organizations are shown in the agency level (e.g., Department of the Army).
- Subagency: Lowest organizational level available in the data.
- CFO Act Agency: Agency covered under the Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990. Generally used to group large agencies together for policy, compliance, and reporting purposes.
- Non-CFO Act Agency: Agency not covered under the Chief Financial Officers Act of 1990. Typically smaller, independent agencies.
EXAMPLE:
| Department | Agency | Subagency | CFO Act Agency? |
|---|---|---|---|
Department of War |
Department of the Army |
ARSA -Office of the Secretary of the Army |
Y |
Department of Agriculture |
Department of Agriculture |
AG02-Agricultural Marketing Service |
Y |
Non-CFO Act Agency |
Peace Corps |
PU00-Peace Corps |
N |
EHRI terms
EHRI (Enterprise Human Resources Integration) is the data source for much of the FWD site. Through the EHRI system, OPM collects employee and payroll data from federal agencies on a regular basis, creating a comprehensive picture of the federal workforce.
- EHRI Status dataset: A snapshot of the federal workforce each month. Status data files include all active employees (in either a pay or non-pay status) for each agency’s workforce as of the last day of each month.
- EHRI Dynamics dataset: The personnel actions that have been processed for employees during the biweekly reporting period. Personnel actions include hiring, separations, promotions, awards, and others.
- EHRI Payroll dataset: Payroll records for the federal workforce, collected at the end of each pay period. Payroll records include information on the time reported by employees (e.g., leave, telework) as well as pay information.
- Accessions: Number of individuals entering federal civilian employment during a given period. Includes new hires, transfers, and rehires. Accessions comes from the EHRI Dynamics dataset.
- Separations: Number of individuals leaving federal civilian employment during a given period. Includes retirements, resignations, terminations, and deaths. Separations comes from the EHRI Dynamics dataset.
Other definitions
- Federal employees: Civilian employees working for the United States Federal Government in any department, agency, or subagency. Excludes military personnel.
- FY (Fiscal year): 12-month accounting period for budgeting and reporting. For the federal government, runs Oct 1 – Sep 30 and is named for the year it ends.
- Occupational series: Four-digit code used by OPM to classify federal positions by job category.
- Veterans: Individuals who served in the United States Armed Forces (Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, Space Force) and were discharged under conditions other than dishonorable.
