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Data Sources
The Federal Workforce Data site is primarily sourced from OPM’s Enterprise Human Resources Integration (EHRI) system. Other OPM data sources, including USAJOBS, are included as well.
EHRI
EHRI is the federal government’s central source for federal civilian workforce data. Through the EHRI system, OPM collects employee and payroll data from federal agencies on a regular basis, creating a comprehensive picture of the federal workforce. EHRI data is used by OPM, federal agencies, and the public to enable analysis of federal workforce trends and to inform policy and operations.
Data release process
Each month, OPM releases the EHRI data submitted by agencies in the previous month.
Most recent data release
Data released on: January 08, 2026 | For agency data from: November 2025
Next expected data release
Data released on: February 04, 2026 | For agency data from: December 2025
OPM works closely with shared service providers and federal agencies to collect and validate workforce data, which is submitted within five business days after the end of the month. This process allows time to review submissions, resolve any data issues, and prepare the information for public release. While some files may arrive late, OPM publishes available data on schedule and includes any delayed submissions in future updates.
Timely data is essential for supporting workforce planning, public accountability, and informed decision-making. However, timeliness must be balanced with other key dimensions of data quality—such as completeness, consistency, and accuracy. To support transparency, OPM provides a Data Quality page where users can view the results of validation checks for each data release. This allows users to identify potential issues with specific data by agency. In addition, a Missing Files Report shows which providers have not yet submitted data for elements in a given time period, helping users understand where data may be incomplete. Moving forward, OPM will release data more frequently—typically every one to two months—on a publicized schedule, with any known data quality issues clearly disclosed to ensure users have access to the most current and actionable information available.
Employee coverage
EHRI datasets
Agencies send data to EHRI through the Status, Dynamics, Payroll, and Training data feeds. This data is structured into EHRI datasets that each serve a specific analytical purpose.
Note: Training data is not currently available through the Federal Workforce Data site
Status
A snapshot of the federal workforce each month. Status data files include all active employees (in either a pay or non-pay status) for each agency’s workforce as of the last day of each month.
Frequency: Collected Monthly
Common analysis questions:
How many federal employees are there?
What is the largest agency?
What is the average salary of federal employees?
How many IT specialists work in the federal government?
Dynamics
The personnel actions that have been processed for employees during the biweekly reporting period. Personnel actions include hiring, separations, promotions, awards, and others.
Frequency: Collected biweekly
Common analysis questions:
How many people were hired to the federal government last year?
How many federal employees retired?
How many federal employees were affected by reductions in force?
Payroll
Payroll records for the federal workforce, collected at the end of each pay period. Payroll records include information on the time reported by employees (e.g., leave, telework) as well as pay information.
Frequency: Collected biweekly
Common analysis questions:
How has the use of administrative leave changed over time?
How many federal employees are teleworking full-time?
Data collection process
The ultimate source of EHRI data is the core human resources (HR) systems used by federal agencies to manage their workforce. Agencies use core HR systems to store and process essential employee information, including job titles, salaries, work schedules, and personnel actions like hiring and separations.
The EHRI data collection process includes the following steps:
Agency core HR system: HR specialists use a core HR system to manage the workforce.
File preparation: Agencies collect data from their core HR system and structure it in the EHRI format.
File submission: Agencies send the data files by the 5th business day after the reporting period.
EHRI data ingestion: OPM receives data files and works through any data transmission or quality issues with agencies.
EHRI data processing: OPM processes the data and structures it for reporting and analysis.
Data access and use: EHRI data is made available through the Federal Workforce Data site, FOIA data requests, data sharing agreements with agencies, and internally to government.
